These drums were originally made from hollowed out tree trunks. Llama skin is most commonly used. They have different names such as "wankara" or "caja" according to size and sound. Listen as Bill discusses construction and playing techniques with Adrian Villanueva (RealAudio 14.4 and 28.8).

These are made from the hooves of sheep, twisted together and shaken as a percussion instrument. They are normally played in pairs of contrasting sound. Listen carefully for the sound of the chajchas in this selection (RealAudio 14.4 and 28.8).

This is a large seed pod which can be used for percussion.

Instrument illustrations and descriptions copyright Rumillajta. Photo by Steve Wunrow.